Two-stroke internal-combustion engine.



n.1. L. M. DE LA cHEvARmRE DE LA GRANDWLLE A. A. GUERET.

TWU-STRKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Paftented Apr. 22, 1919.

9 SHEETS-SHEET] APPLICATION FILED OCT. 22, NJIT. 1,301,661.

www.:

...Mika @mv/v? AI n 20u d i .I- L. M. DE LA CHEVARDIRE DE LA GRANDVILLESL A. GUHET.

TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

mu L 1 m M. 1 nl 7l 7l J wim m .A m

m s n .am 1M ra/ P f APPLICATION FILED OCT. 22| 19H.

nfl/Q2 za, Z6-

|`ERE DE LA GNANDVILLE E A. GUERET.

4 v. lilllr "all 47411271 val!!! H. 1. L. M. DE LA CHEVARD wo-STROKEINTERNAL ComusloN ENGINE.

We? e H. l. L. M. DE LA CHEVARDIRE DE LA GRANDVIUTE & A. GURET.

TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

9 SHEETS--SHEET 4.

. fila .lllllllvflal @.QAQMQ .wams ffmc rofuomww wnsmnuwm a c H. l. L.M. DE LA CHEVARDIRE DE LA GRANDVILLE' A. GUERET.

TWO-STRUKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

AFPLCATIN flLED OCT- 22|19l1. 1,301,661 Patented Apr. 22, 1919.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

@af/M@ ms nvm-us uns f umnunnm... ...MU-...um u c H. L L. M. DE LACHEVAHDIRE DE LA GRANDVILLE A. GURET.

TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 22,!911.

'mmuuwmgm l www AMF H. J. L. M. DE LA CHEVARDIHE DE LA GRANDVILLE & A.GURET. Two-STROKE INTERNAL coMsusHuN ENGINE.

A APPLlCTlON FILED OCT. 22.1911. 1,301,661 Patented Apr. 22,1919

' 9 SHETSSHEE Y.

H. l. L. M. DE LA CHEVARDIERE DE LA GRANDVILLE 6l. A. GUERET.

A TWD-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.-

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 217,!911

9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

Patented Apr. 22, 1919.

,.LJHV 2 wu 1 w. z C @J C om I c e). I. III I L- n.. t V -2- Tmf w 1% ym L 6 6 4. 1 f 6%@ .d .00a le MQ. 3....! L. ,n 1

H. l. L. M. DE LA CHEVARDILBE DE LA GRANDVILLE & A. GUE/HET.

TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE,

APPLxcATroM mio ocr. 2z, 19u. Patented Apr. 22,1919.

s sHEEs-sue'r s.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRI JOSEPH LEON MARIE DE LA CHEVARDIEE DE LA GEANDVILLE AND ANDREGUERET, OE PARIS, FRANCE.

TWO-STROKE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application tiled October 22, 1917.

To all whom 'it rmuy confiera Be it known that we` HENRI JOSEPH LEONMARIE on LA CHEVARDIRE DE LA GRANDVILLE and Anmut Gunner, both citizensof the French Republic, residing at Paris, France, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Two-Stroke Internal-Combustion Engines,of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines havinga charging pump, and relates more particularly to multi-cy inder enginesof this kind having sleeve valves.

This invention has for its object to obtain engines of this kind, in amore economical manner than hitherto and to obtain engines of a greatereflicienoy than hitherto.

This invention consists mainly in connecting the exhaust port of eachcharging pump with the inlet ports of all the cylinders of the engineand in providing means for insurin that, while the exhaust port of acharging pump remains uncovered, the inlet port of at least one of thecylinders remains also uncovered; in consequence of which the freshgases sucked up by a charging pump are transferred in the variouscylinders Without having been previously' subjected to compression.

It consists further in establishing the engines of that kind in such amanner that the exhaust port of each cylinder be entirely uncovered bythe sleeve valve when the piston begins to uncover the said port; thesaid sleeve valve covering again the said port preferably before it iscovered again by the piston.

It consists further in establishing the enines of that kind in such amanner that the Inlet port of each cylinder be only uncovered by thesleeve valve when it has been uncovered 'by the piston, and be coveredagain by the piston before it be covered again by the sleeve valve.

It consists also, inl using, in engines of that kind, in which thecharging pump for each cylinder is constituted y an annular chambersurrounding ooncentrically the cyl-` inder, the same sleeve valve forcontrolling the pumpand cylinder ports.

VIt consists also in other features Which will be more clearl set forthhereinafter and pointed out in t e claims.

And it will be clearly understood from Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 22. 1919.

Serial No. 197,960.

the following description as well as from the accompanying drawing givenmerely bv way of example. u

Figures 1-Q4 of the said drawing show diagrammatically in longitudinalsection through one of its cylinders at right angle to its; crank, andin twenty four successive positions of its movable parts, correspondingto as many angular movements of 15 each of the said crank, a fourcylinder twostroke explosion engine with charging pump designedaccording to a first method of carrying out this invention.

Fig. 25 shows diagraminatically in horizontal section, on line 2.3-2.5Fig. 1', the same englne. A

Figs. 26-38 show diagrammatically in longitudinal section through one ofits cylders, at right angle to its crank, and in eight successivepositions of its movable parts, a four cylinder two-stroke explosionengine with chargingr pump designed according to a second method ofcarrying out this invention.

When it is desired to construct a four cylinder two-stroke explosionengine with charging pumps and having sleeve valves, the proceeding isas follows:

The improved engine comprises essential elements and features ofimprovement as follows:

(l) Four diferential cylinders, the small portion al of each one of themconstitutin the working cylinder and being connecte to the portion a? oflarger diameter which constitutes the Outer wall of the annular body ofthe charging pump by a connecting surface a which forms thecover of thesaid body;

(2) A sleeve for each cylinder, which sleeve comprises a first part b1,the external diameter of which is equal to the internal diameter of theportion a1 of the cylinder' for forming a sleeve in the said portion al,a second part b2, the external diameter of which is equal to theinternal diameter of the portion a2 of the cylinder for forming a sleevein the said portion m2, and a wall b2 connecting the said first andsecond part, a recess being if desired' formed in the said wall forincreasing the clearance of the Pump;

(3) A plston for each cylinder, the sald piston having a part c1 theexternal diameter :of which is vequal to the internal diameter of thepart 7N of the sleeve, a part wf" the external diameter of which isequal to the internal diameter of the part b2 of the said sleeve and anannular part c2" connecting the said parts c1 and c2;

(4L) A crank shaft d, four connecting-rods el which connect the saidcrankshaft to the said pistons; and four connectingiods r2 which connectthe said crank-shaft to the said sleeves; the crank pins of theconnecting-rods e2 being shifted a suitable anglo with respect to thecrank pins of the connecting-rods c1, in order that, for instance, thesleeves have an advance of approximately 90O (83o on the engine shown inthe drawings) with respect to their corresponding pistons.

In accordance with the invention, in th(` wall of the portion al of thecylinders, near its middle or in the part corresponding to the half lastpart of the working stroke of the piston are provided exhaust ports fand in the palt b1 of the sleeve are provided ports f1 in such mannerthat they uncover the ports f when the sleeve reaches the end of itsdownward stroke, and begin themselves to be uncovered by the piston atthe moment When they have entirely7 uncovered the said ports f.

In the part b2 of the sleeve, near the wall b2 are provided ports g; andin the wall of the portion n.2 of the cylinders are provided inlet portsg2 for the charging pump, the said ports being connected to a suitablefeeding arrangement such, for instance, as a carbureter; the said portsg2 are in such a position that they are uncovered by the sleeve when thesaid sleeve reaches the end of its downward stroke.

In the wall of the portion al of the cylinders, under the ports f, areprovided inlet ports L the height of which is lower than or at leastequal to the distance existing between their upper edge and the activeface of the piston c1 when the said piston reaches its lower deadcenter; and in the ortion-b1 of the sleeve, are provided ports i1 insuch a manner that the said ports be in to un` cover the said ports justbefore t 1e exhaust of the corresponding cylinder is entirely closed.

Around the cylinders is provided a kind of conduit i in which the inletports of the cylinders o en and in the wall of the portion a2 of t ecylinders are provided in such a manner exhaust ports j for thepumps'that the said ports are uncovered by the ports g of the sleevewhen the said sleeve reaches y the end `of its ascending stroke; thesaid ports j are connected by means of conduits jl to the conduct i.

The engine works as follows:

When the piston has reached the end of' its ascending stroke (Fig. l)the fresh gases being compressed in the explosion chamber of thecylinder, and the inlet and exhaust ports of the said cylinder beingcovered the ignition takes place and the iston begins its downwardstroke. At this time the sleeve will have reached approximativcly thefirst half of its downward stroke, and it covers the exhaust port of thepump, while the inlet port g2 of the pump remains open.

The piston is forced downward and first the burnt gases expand in theexplosion chamber they cannot esca e, the exhaust ports f remainingcovered (pFigs. 2 to G); but the sleeve continues its downward stroke,and begins to produce a light vacuum in the pump between the walls b2and 02 which are brought slightly away from each other, and as the portg of the sleeve uncovers the inici port g2 of the pump fresh gases aresucked up in the pump.

The sleeve reaches the end of its downward stroke, its Jorts f1 uncoverthe exhaust ports f of the cyllinder` but as the said ports f are stillcovered by the piston c1, the burnt gases cannot escape.

But the piston 01 continues its downward stroke and begins to uncoverthe exhaust ports f (Fig. 7), and the uncovering of the said ports isproduced very rapidly because they are entirely uncovered by the sleevesports f1 and because the piston 01 being approximately in the middlepart of its stroke is moved with the greatest speed. The sleeve has nowreached the end of its downward stroke (Figs. T and 8) and as the speedof the piston is now greater than that one of the sleeve, the internalcapacity of the pump increases, and the fresh gases are sucked up in thepump.

The piston c1 continuing its downward stroke, the sleeve begins its rise(Figs. 9, 10, l1 and 12); the -burnt gases escape and the sleeve risingbegins to cover the exhaust ports f; the fresh gases are still sucked upin the pum as its capacity increases in con sequence ci) the inversemovementsof the sleeve and of the piston.

The piston reaches then the end of its downward stroke (Fig. 13); nowthe port li? of the sleeve begins to uncover the port 71 of the cylinderand the fresh gases forced by the various charging pumps into theconduit z' enter the cylinder, expelling the relnainin burnt gasesthrough the exhaust ports gwhich are not yet entirely covered. But thesleeve in its rise covers the inlet ports g2 of the pump and uncoversimmediately the exhaust ports j of the ump (Fig. 14) and the freshgasesare trans erred Without compression from the pump, through the saidports j, into the conduit z'.

At this time the speed of the piston is faster than that of the sleeve,and the capaeity of the pump decreases, insuring the transfer of thefresh gases into the con duit i. A i f The piston andthe sleeve continuetheir rise (Figs. 1.5, 16, 17 and 18) and the pump tra usfers into theconduit i fresh gases which pass in the cylinder through the inlet porth.

The piston in its rise begins to cover (Fig. 18) the inlet port It andcompresses the fresh gases in the explosion chamber.

r1`l1e compression is continuedtill the piston reaches the end of itsrise (Figs. 24- and l).

But the sleeve has before reached the end of its rise and begins itsdownward stroke- (Fig. 21), and as it is moved in an opposite directionwith respect to the piston its wall b2 is brought nearer the Wall. 02 ofthe piston, the capacity of the pump decreases, and as the port jremains uncovered, the fresh gases are forced from the pump into theconduit 2' and pass from the said conduit into the other cylinders theinlet ports of which are opened.

When the piston has reached the end of its rise. the capacity of thepump has been reducedto its minimum and the sleeve continuing itsdownward stroke covers the-ex haust port 7' of the pump.

The operation begins thenagain as before.

In such an engine, if the height of the ports has been suitablydeterminedforihaving always, while the exhaust ports of a pump areuncovered, the inlet ports of a cylinder uncovered, the fresh gasescannot be compressed in the pump or in the conduit i and the said gasesare transferred in the cylinders Without having previously beenuselessly compressed.

The same engine could be established in a more economical manner, butwould be of less efficiency by omitting the portion b1 of the sleeve andin controlling only by the piston c1 the inlet ports and exhaust portsf, as shown in Figs. 2G to 33.

The operation of the said engine is the same as that one of the engineshown on Figs. l to 24:, but the exhaust ports f remain open a longertime, as they remain open durinV the admission and are covered only whent e inlet ports have been covered.

However, in such an engine, the ports g and j are made in such a mannerthat the pump can only begin to force fresh gases into the conduit i,when the inlet port of a cylinder being uncovered by the correspondingpiston, the said piston has approximatively reached the end of itsdownward stroke; in consequence of which the admission begins only whenthe greatest part of the burnt gases has escaped through the exhaustports f.

Furthermore the active upper face of the piston is made approximativelyconical for facilitating the burnt gases to be expelled by the freshgases.

Obviously the invention is by no means limited to those methods ofcarrying it ouf; which have been described, but comprises on thecontrary any modification Within the scope ofthe claims.

lvhat We claim as out invention and desire io secure by Letters Patentis:

1. A multi-cylinder two-stroke intern-.1l rombustion engine having acharging pump for each cylinder, each cylinder having a piston thereinand also provided with a surrounding conduit, means for connecting theexhaust port of each pump to the said conduit and to the inlet ports ofall cylinders, and means for controlling the covering and uncovering. ofthe exhaust ports of the pumps and the inlet ports of the cylinders insuch a manner that long as the exhaust port of a charging pump remainsuncovered, the inlet port of at least one of the cylinders remain-s alsouncovered.

2. A` multi-cylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine having acharging pump for each cylinder and a main conduit surrounding eachcylinder and into which conduits open the exhaust ports of all the pumpsand the inlet ports of all the cylinders, and a sleeve valve forcontrolling the covering and uncovering of the exhaust ports of thepumps and the inlet ports ofthe cylinders in `such a manner that as longas the exhaust port of a charging pump remains uncovered, the inlet portof at least one of the cylinders remains also uncovered.

3. A multi-cylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine having acharging pump for each cylinder and a main conduit surrounding eachcylinder and into which conduits open the exhaust ports of all the Dumpsand the inlet ports of all the cylinders; each cylinder being adifferential cylinder, the larger portion of Which forms together withanother portion of the engine, an annular chamber constituting the bodyof the pum a differential piston in each cylinder tiie part of smallerdiameter of which constitutes the piston of the engine and the part ofgreater diameter constitutes the piston of the ump; exhaust and inletports being provided in the Wall of the cylinders for the explosionchambers and for the pump; a sleeve valve connected in advance withrespect to the corresponding piston by means of a connecting rod to thecrank shaft of the engine, controlling with the part of greater diameterof the piston the ports of the pump, the ports of the explosion chamberbeing controlled by the piston; the advance of the sleeve and theposition of the ports being such that, as long as the exhaust port of acharging pump remains uncovered, the inlet port of at least one of thecylinders remains also uncovered.

4. A multi-cylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine having acharging pump for each cylinder and a main conduit sm'- roundinp; ear-hcylinder` and into which oonduits open the exhaust ports of all thepumps and the inlet ports of all the cylinders; each cylinder being adifferential cylinder; the larger portion of which forms together withanother portion of the engine an annular ehamber ronstituting the bodyof the pump; u differential valve sleeve mounted in each differentialcylinder' und a, differential piston mounted in the differential valvesleeve; connecting rods connecting in such a manner to the valve sleevessind the pistons that the valve sleeves are in advance of the pistons;inlet and exhaust ports provided in the walls of the diierentialcylinders for the pumps and for the explosion chambers; the said portsbeing controlled by the sleeve valves and by the pistons; the advance ofthe sleeves and the position of the ports being such that, us long esthe exhaust port of e rharging pump remains uncovered, the inlet port ofat least one of the Cylinders remains also uncovered.

5. A multi-cylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine having acharging pump for each cylinder and a main conduit surrounding eachcylinder and into which conduits open the exhaust ports of all the pumpsand the inlet ports of all the cylinders, each cylinder being adifferential cylinder; a differential valve sleeve mounted in eachcylinder and connected by connecting rods to the crankshaft of theengine; a differential piston mounted in each cylinder and connected byconnecting rods to the crunk-shaft i'` of euch explosion Chamb-er isentirely uneov ered vby the corresponding sleeve valve when thecorresponding piston begins to uncover the said port and preferably berevered again by the corresponding sleeve valve before it is coveredagain by the piston; the advance of the sleeve and the position of theports being such that, as long as the exhaust port of n charging pumpremains uncovered` the inlet port of at least one of the cylindersremains also uncovered.

ln testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

HENRI JosRPH LRoN MARIE mi n GRRVARDIERR DE n GRANDVILLR. ANDR GUERET.Witnesses:

CHAs. P. PRnssLY, PAUL PLUM.

Copies o! this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

